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Listed building

In the United Kingdom the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 requires the government to create lists of buildings that are to be specially protected as part of the national Swarovski heritage. Buildings on these lists are referred to as listed buildings. Other structures such as bridges and even urinals may also be listed.

The computer is used today for various tasks. Even devising collectors cases, curio cabinets, collectors cabinets and display cabinets can be performed. CAD programs may be used to facilitate and visualize the process.

Introduction

There are three types of listed status (in descending order of 'importance' and difficulty to obtain planning permission):

Grade I: buildings of exceptional interest.

Grade II*: particularly important buildings of special interest.

Grade II: buildings of special interest.

According to the Department for Culture, Media & Sport, which oversees listed building applications and enforcement, there are, as of May 2003, approximately 442,000 listings in place, of which 418,000 (94.5%) are Grade II, 18,000 (4.1%) are Grade II*, and 6,000 (1.4%) are Grade I. There are estimated to be about 500,000 actual buildings listed, as listing entries can apply to more than one building.

The owner of a listed building may not demolish, extend or alter it without receiving special permission from their local planning authority. They may also be compelled to repair and maintain the building in some circumstances.

Listed buildings in danger of decay are listed on English Heritage's Buildings At Risk register.

Famous listed buildings

Grade I

Birmingham Town Hall

British Museum Reading Room

Buckingham Palace

Royal Festival Hall - first post-war building to be listed Grade I

Windsor Castle

etc.

Grade II*

Aston Hall, Birmingham.

Trellick Tower, London

The Elephant House at London Zoo

Liverpool Central Library

etc.

Grade II

BT Tower

Centre Point

Whitechapel Bell Foundry

and many more famous buildings

Mixed

Several Red telephone boxes

In 2002 there were 80 seaside piers in England that were listed.

External links

Department of Culture, Media and Sport's page on Listed buildings (http://www.culture.gov.uk/historic_environment/Listing.htm)

Photographs of listed buildings from English Heritage (http://www.imagesofengland.org.uk/)

Information about planning restrictions generally (http://www.buildingconservation.com)

Swarovski